Kuala Lumpur is cheap, and by the standards of any major world city it is remarkably so. Food, transport and accommodation all cost a fraction of what they do in Europe, North America, Japan, Singapore or Australia.

There are two exceptions and both catch people out.

Exception one: alcohol

Malaysia is a Muslim-majority country and alcohol is taxed accordingly. Excise duties on beer and spirits are among the highest in the world — for years Malaysia had the second or third highest beer duty of any country.

A beer in a bar in Bukit Bintang can cost more than a full meal for two at a mamak stall. A cocktail costs several times that.

If you drink, it will dominate your daily spend, and this genuinely surprises people who arrived expecting Southeast Asian prices across the board.

Ways round it: duty-free on arrival, which is worth using; Langkawi, which is a duty-free island; drinking at Chinese coffee shops and food courts, where a large bottle of beer costs a fraction of a bar price; and the happy hours that most bars run because they know all of this.

Non-Muslim visitors can buy and drink alcohol freely in licensed premises and shops. It is not sold at Malay food stalls, in Kampung Baru, or during certain hours in some states, and the state of Kelantan and parts of Terengganu are effectively dry.

Exception two: dual pricing

Many attractions charge foreign visitors more than Malaysians — often two or three times more.

This is standard, it is displayed openly at the ticket counter, and it applies at KL Bird Park, the Petronas Towers, museums and elsewhere.

It is not a scam and getting annoyed about it will not help. It is worth knowing when comparing prices you have seen quoted.

What is free

Three daily budgets

Excluding accommodation, per person, per day, in ringgit.

Careful — RM 50 to 80

Roti canai and teh tarik for breakfast. Nasi campur or banana leaf rice for lunch. Free sights. Jalan Alor or a food court for dinner. Rail and the free bus.

This is entirely comfortable. Kuala Lumpur is one of the few large cities where a very low budget does not mean eating badly — the cheapest food here is often the best food here.

Comfortable — RM 150 to 250

Café breakfast. A proper lunch. One paid attraction. A restaurant dinner. Grab rather than rail. A couple of drinks.

Generous — RM 500 and up

A rooftop bar, a tasting menu, a high observation deck, spa treatments and taxis everywhere. Kuala Lumpur has a genuine luxury end and it is still cheaper than the equivalent in Singapore or Hong Kong.

Where the money goes

Food is the great bargain. A superb meal at a hawker stall costs a couple of ringgit. Even mid-range restaurants are inexpensive.

Transport is negligible. Rail fares are trivial and Grab is cheap.

Accommodation is very good value. Four-star hotels in the centre cost what a hostel costs in western Europe.

Attractions are the one thing priced like a developed country, particularly the towers and the theme parks.

Alcohol, as above.

Practical money notes

Ringgit (RM / MYR). Cards are widely accepted in malls, hotels and restaurants; cash is essential at hawker stalls, markets and small shops, though QR payment has spread fast.

ATMs are everywhere. Use a bank’s own machine and decline dynamic currency conversion.

Money changers in the malls — particularly at Mid Valley and around Bukit Bintang — give better rates than banks or the airport. This is one of the few places in the world where that is reliably true.

Tipping is not expected. A 10% service charge and 6% or 8% service tax are added at many restaurants and are shown on the bill.

Tourist Refund Scheme — foreign visitors can reclaim tax on goods above a threshold from approved outlets, processed at the airport.

Two ways to spend less

Eat where Malaysians eat. The kopitiam, the mamak, the food court in the mall. The gap in price between these and a tourist-facing restaurant is enormous and the gap in quality frequently runs the other way.

Skip one of the towers. Merdeka 118, the Petronas Towers and KL Tower are all expensive and all give you a view of the same city. One is enough, and KL Tower is the cheapest of the three.